高斯投影的3°带、6°带如何划分？坐标如何确定？

望学长解决

<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">把地球视为球体，假想一个平面卷成一个横圆柱面并把它套在球体外面，使横轴圆柱的轴心通过球的中心，球面上一根子午线与横轴圆柱面相切。这样，该子午线在圆柱面上的投影为一直线，赤道面与圆柱面的交线是一条与该子午线投影垂直的直线。将横圆柱面展开成平面，由这两条正交直线就构成<B normal">高斯—克吕格平面直角坐标系</B>。为减少投影变形，高斯—克吕格投影分为<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>°带和<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>°带投影。</P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B normal">高斯－克吕格投影</B>是设想用一个椭圆柱横套在地球椭球的外面，并与设定的中央经线相切。</P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B normal">高斯－克吕格投影分带规定</B>：该投影是国家基本比例尺地形图的数学基础，为控制变形，采用分带投影的方法，<B normal">在比例尺</B><B normal"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></B><B normal">：<FONT face="Times New Roman">2.5</FONT></B><B normal">万—<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></B><B normal">：<FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></B><B normal">万图上采用<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></B><B normal">°分带，对比例尺为<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></B><B normal">：<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></B><B normal">万及大于<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></B><B normal">：<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></B><B normal">万的图采用<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></B><B normal">°分带。</B></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B normal"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></B><B normal">°分带法</B>：从格林威治零度经线起，每<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>°分为一个投影带，全球共分为<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>个投影带，东半球从东经<FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT>°—<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>°为第一带，中央经线为<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>°，依此类推，投影带号为<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>—<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>。其投影代号<FONT face="Times New Roman">n</FONT>和中央经线经度<FONT face="Times New Roman">L<SUB>0</SUB></FONT>的计算公式为：<FONT face="Times New Roman">L<SUB>0</SUB>=(6n</FONT>—<FONT face="Times New Roman">3)</FONT>°；西半球投影带从<FONT face="Times New Roman">180</FONT>°回算到<FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT>°，编号为<FONT face="Times New Roman">31</FONT>—<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>，投影代号<FONT face="Times New Roman">n</FONT>和中央经线经度<FONT face="Times New Roman">L0</FONT>的计算公式为<FONT face="Times New Roman">L<SUB>0</SUB>=360</FONT>—<FONT face="Times New Roman">(6n</FONT>—<FONT face="Times New Roman">3)</FONT>°。</P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B normal"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></B><B normal">°分带法</B>：从东经<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>′起，每<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>°为一带，将全球划分为<FONT face="Times New Roman">120</FONT>个投影带，东经<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>′—<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>′，<FONT face="Times New Roman">...178</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>′—西经<FONT face="Times New Roman">178</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>′，<FONT face="Times New Roman">...1</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>′—东经<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>′。</P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">东半球有<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>个投影带，编号<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>—<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>，各带中央经线计算公式：<FONT face="Times New Roman">L<SUB>0</SUB>=3</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">n</FONT>，中央经线为<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>°、<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">...180</FONT>°。西半球有<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>个投影带，编号<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>—<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>，各带中央经线计算公式：<FONT face="Times New Roman">L<SUB>0</SUB>=360</FONT>°—<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>°<FONT face="Times New Roman">n</FONT>，中央经线为西经<FONT face="Times New Roman">177</FONT>°、<FONT face="Times New Roman">...3</FONT>°、<FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT>°。</P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">我国规定将各带纵坐标轴西移<FONT face="Times New Roman">500</FONT>公里，即将所有<FONT face="Times New Roman">y</FONT>值加上<FONT face="Times New Roman">500</FONT>公里，坐标值前再加各带带号，以<FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT>带为例，原坐标值为<FONT face="Times New Roman">y=243353.5m</FONT>，西移后为<FONT face="Times New Roman">y=743353.5</FONT>，加带号通用坐标为<FONT face="Times New Roman">y=18743353.5</FONT>。</P>

不错的回答 受益匪浅

<P>一楼的回答真的不错。清晰简洁。</P>

<P>很清晰！！！很透彻！！！</P>

受教了……<img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em03.gif" />

<img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em03.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em05.gif" />