阅读:7027回复:18
[推荐]修正版:经纬度坐标的shape面层计算面积的详细步骤
<P><FONT size=3>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>)运行<FONT face="Times New Roman">ArcGis/ArcToolsBox</FONT>,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Projections/Define Projection Wizard(shapeFiles,geodatabase)</FONT>定义地理坐标。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>)在弹出窗口中选择所需要的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Shape</FONT>文件。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Coordinate System</FONT>,在新窗口中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">New/Geographic</FONT>。弹出窗口如下:</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3></FONT> <P><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3></FONT></P> <P><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3></FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3>其中<FONT face="Times New Roman">Name</FONT>框内填任意名称(如:西安<FONT face="Times New Roman">80</FONT>);<FONT face="Times New Roman">Semimajor Axis </FONT>6378140;选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Inverse Flatten</FONT>,填298.257。</FONT></P> <P><FONT face=细明体>Angular unit: name 选 degree</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)按<FONT face="Times New Roman">OK</FONT>键,完成。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Projections/Project Wizard(shapefiles,geodatabase) </FONT>进行投影变换。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>)在弹出窗口中选择刚才定义的地理坐标的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Shape</FONT>文件。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)选择转换后文件的输出路径。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Coordinate System</FONT>,在新窗口中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">New/Projected</FONT>,弹出窗口如下:</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3></FONT> <P><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3></FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3></FONT> <P align=center><v:shape><v:imagedata><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3></FONT></v:imagedata></v:shape></P> <P><FONT size=3></FONT> <P><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3></FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3></FONT> <P><FONT size=3>其中<FONT face="Times New Roman">Name</FONT>框内填任意名称;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Projection/NAME</FONT>框内选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Albers</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">False_Easting</FONT>的值为<FONT face="Times New Roman">500000</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Central_Meridian</FONT>的值为本省的中央经线(如陕西省为<FONT face="Times New Roman">117</FONT>);<FONT face="Times New Roman">Stanard_Parallel_1</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">Stanard_Parallel_2</FONT>的值为本省的双标准纬线注<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>(如陕西省为<FONT face="Times New Roman">33</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">38</FONT>);<FONT face="Times New Roman">Latitude_Of_Origin</FONT>的值要小于双标准纬线中的低纬度<FONT face="Times New Roman">2~3</FONT>度;确定。</FONT></P> <P>选择new,重复第1步</P> <P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>)下一步。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>)完成,进行投影变换。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>运行<FONT face="Times New Roman">ArcGis/ArcCatalog</FONT>,选择路径新建一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Personal Geodatabase</FONT>。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>)选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Export from Shapefile/Shapefile to Geodatabase</FONT>,在弹出窗口中选择输入刚才进行了投影变换的<FONT face="Times New Roman">SHAPE</FONT>文件,输出至刚才新建的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Personal Geodatabase</FONT>中,并给输出要素类型一个名称,<FONT face="Times New Roman">OK</FONT>。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>)选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Import to Shapefile/Geodatabase to Shapefile</FONT>,选择刚才输出至<FONT face="Times New Roman">Personal Geodatabase</FONT>中的要素类型,输出为<FONT face="Times New Roman">Shape</FONT>文件(给出保存路径及文件名),<FONT face="Times New Roman">OK</FONT>。</FONT></P> <P><FONT size=3>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>)完成后新<FONT face="Times New Roman">Shape</FONT>文件中就会新增两个字段<FONT face="Times New Roman">Shape_leng</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">Shape_area</FONT>,其中<FONT face="Times New Roman">Shape_area</FONT>为小流域的多边形面积。</FONT></P> <P> <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1> <TR> <TD width=142 rowSpan=2> <P align=center><B>省(区)名称 </B> <p></TD> <TD width=321 colSpan=4> <P align=center><B>区域范围 <p></B> <p></TD> <TD width=156 colSpan=2> <P align=center><B>标准纬线 <p></B> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=83> <P align=center><B>φs <p></B> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center><B>φN <p></B> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center><B>Λw <p></B> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center><B>ΛE <p></B> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center><B>φ1 <p></B> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center><B>φ2 <p></B> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>河北省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>36°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>42°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>113°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>120°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>37°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>41°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>内蒙古自治区 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>37°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>53°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>97°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>127°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>40°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>51°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>山西省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>34°33′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>40°45′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>110°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>114°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>36°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>40°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>辽宁省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>38°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>43°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>118°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>126°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>40°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>42°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>吉林省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>40°50′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>46°15′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>121°55′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>131°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>42°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>46°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>黑龙江省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>43°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>54°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>120°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>136°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>46°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>51°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>江苏省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>30°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>35°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>116°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>122°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>31°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>34°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>浙江省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>27°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>31°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>118°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>123°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>28°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>30°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>安徽省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>29°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>34°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>114°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>119°50′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>30°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>33°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>江西省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>24°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>30°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>113°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>118°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>26°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>29°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>福建省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>23°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>28°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>115°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>120°50′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>24°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>27°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>山东省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>34°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>38°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>114°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>123°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>35°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>37°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>广东省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>18°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>25°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>108°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>117°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>19°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>24°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>广西壮族自治区 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>20°50′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>26°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>104°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>112°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>22°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>25°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>湖北省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>29°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>33°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>108°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>116°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>30°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>32°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>湖南省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>24°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>30°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>108°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>114°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>26°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>29°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>河南省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>31°23′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>36°21′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>110°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>116°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>32°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>35°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>四川省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>26°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>34°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>97°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>110°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>27°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>33°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>云南省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>21°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>29°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>97°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>106°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>22°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>28°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>贵州省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>24°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>29°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>103°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>109°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>25°20′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>28°30′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>西藏自治区 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>26°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>36°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>78°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>99°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>27°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>35°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>陕西省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>31°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>39°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>105°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>111°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>33°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>38°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>甘肃省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>32°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>42°50′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>92°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>108°50′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>34°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>41°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>青海省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>31°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>39°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>89°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>103°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>33°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>38°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>新疆维吾尔自治区 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>34°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>49°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>70°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>96°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>36°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>48°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>宁夏回族自治区 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>35°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>39°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>104°10′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>107°40′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>36°00′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>39°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>台湾省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>21°50′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center>25°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center>119°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center>122°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center>22°30′ <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center>25°00′ <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>北京市 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>同河北省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>天津市 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>同河北省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>上海市 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center>同江苏省 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width=142> <P align=center>重庆市 <p> <p></TD> <TD width=83> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=72> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=80> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=86> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=77> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD> <TD width=79> <P align=center> <p> <p></TD></TR></TABLE></P><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" /><a href="attachment/2004-9/2004928224246223.rar">2004-9/2004928224246223.rar</a> 看图片请下载文件 [此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-4 2:34:31编辑过]
|
|
1楼#
发布于:2004-09-28 22:49
如果是用线画的闭合区域,可转成coverage文件,然后进行拓补成面
|
|
2楼#
发布于:2004-09-29 09:26
<img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em01.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em02.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em05.gif" />
|
|
3楼#
发布于:2004-09-29 11:17
多谢
|
|
4楼#
发布于:2004-09-29 11:39
<P><FONT size=2>楼上的是把《全国山洪灾害防治规划地形地质区划技术细则》中的相关内容照搬上来的吧,连原文中的错误也照抄不误!</FONT></P><P><FONT size=2>1.“<FONT face="Times New Roman">Semiminor Axis</FONT>框内填西安<FONT face="Times New Roman">80</FONT>坐标系的椭球长轴半径”</FONT></P><P><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman">Semiminor Axis是</FONT>椭球短轴半径而不是椭球长轴半径,椭球长轴半径应该是semimajor</FONT></P><P><FONT size=2>2.<FONT face="Times New Roman">Central_Meridian</FONT>的值为本省的中央经线(如陕西省为<FONT face="Times New Roman">117</FONT>),陕西省的范围在东经105度40分~111度之间,中央经线不可能是117!</FONT></P><P><FONT size=2>3.按照步骤操作,不存在“<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>)下一步。”</FONT></P><P><FONT size=2>按照上述步骤,无法计算出正确的结果!</FONT></P>
|
|
5楼#
发布于:2004-09-29 12:20
<img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em07.gif" />,辛苦了。
|
|
6楼#
发布于:2004-09-29 13:16
<img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em02.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em02.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em03.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em03.gif" />
|
|
7楼#
发布于:2004-09-29 13:52
<img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em01.gif" />
|
|
|
8楼#
发布于:2004-09-29 22:37
<P>遇到明白人了,估计你也参加了山洪规划</P><P>细则中确有错误,但我就是根据这提示,找到的方法。</P><P>由于这两天工作忙,还没有详细修改就发出来了,如有误解请多包涵</P><P>主要是给找方法的人一个提示,有疑问的可以留言,大家将实际工作中的经验交流一下</P><P>这陕西人工作也太不认真了!!!!</P><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em05.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em05.gif" />
|
|
9楼#
发布于:2004-10-04 02:08
<P>错误已修改,并附加了相关的数据表</P><P>希望大家多支持</P><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em01.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em01.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em02.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em02.gif" /><img src="images/post/smile/dvbbs/em02.gif" />
|
|
上一页
下一页