请教高手矢量图形配准！！！！！！！！

各位大侠，小弟遇到一个很棘手的问题：
 我用R2V对扫描地图（bmp,jpeg)进行矢量化（不知道R2V有没有图象配准功能），生成shp文件，但是shp文件没有经维坐标。我想对其进行配准不知道如何进行，在Arcview,MapInfo,Erdas,ArcInfo这些软件中怎样对矢量图形精确配准
有知道的请详细回帖，小弟在此先表感谢！！！
十万火急！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

arcview或者arcmap中使用georefrencing来配准

以下是引用sjf_2003在2004-1-8 0:56:38的发言：
各位大侠，小弟遇到一个很棘手的问题：
  我用R2V对扫描地图（bmp,jpeg)进行矢量化（不知道R2V有没有图象配准功能），生成shp文件，但是shp文件没有经维坐标。我想对其进行配准不知道如何进行，在Arcview,MapInfo,Erdas,ArcInfo这些软件中怎样对矢量图形精确配准
 有知道的请详细回帖，小弟在此先表感谢！！！
 十万火急！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

如果是小区域的话，试一下worksation－transform

R2V和MAPINFO是图像矢量化后才校正

worksation－transform 是什么

R2V里有控制点，输出就有坐标！

<P>用arcmap很简单</P>

<DIV class=quote><B>以下是引用<I>好梦一日</I>在2004-11-23 21:18:32的发言：</B>

<P>用arcmap很简单</P></DIV>

怎么用啊，谢谢。

<P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><FONT face="Times New Roman">erdas</FONT></B><B>配准步骤</B>
配准步骤：要求<FONT face="Times New Roman">
1</FONT>。在<FONT face="Times New Roman">viewer</FONT>模块里打开你的正确得影像。<FONT face="Times New Roman">
2</FONT>。点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">dataprep</FONT>模块，打开他下面得<FONT face="Times New Roman">image geometric correction</FONT>子模块，<FONT face="Times New Roman">
3</FONT>选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">from image file</FONT>，选择你要配得图像，打开<FONT face="Times New Roman">
4</FONT>，在出现得<FONT face="Times New Roman">set geometric model</FONT>里<FONT face="Times New Roman">
</FONT>选择第<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>个<FONT face="Times New Roman">polyonial
5</FONT>。在下面得对话框里有个<FONT face="Times New Roman">polynomial order </FONT>一般选<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>就可以<FONT face="Times New Roman">
6</FONT>，<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>然后应用，在<FONT face="Times New Roman">close</FONT>那个对话框<FONT face="Times New Roman">
7 </FONT>在下面得对话筐里，选第一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">
8</FONT>出现一个小的对话框，不用管他，点击你第一步打开得准确得图像界面，就可以配准了<FONT face="Times New Roman">
9</FONT>在你得准确图像里面点击一个点，然后转到你的需要配的图象里面找与他相似的点，点击，选够<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>个点后，在<FONT face="Times New Roman">gcp tool</FONT>那个界面里面将出现误差参数，可以看你得点是不是准确。这<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>个点是控制点，所以你选择时应该分散开，尽量在全图范围里找。<FONT face="Times New Roman">
10</FONT>。然后选择其他点越多越好<FONT face="Times New Roman">
11</FONT>，如果你不想那样麻烦的找，你可以在任何一幅图像上点击鼠标右键，然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">geo</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman">link/unlink</FONT>选项，那样子的话，你只需要在一个图象里点点，机器自动给你在另一个里面找，<FONT face="Times New Roman">
</FONT>不过头六个点不会出现误差参数，从第七个点开始会出现误差参数，如果误差太大，你必须在修改。<FONT face="Times New Roman">
12</FONT>，在你配完后，在<FONT face="Times New Roman">geo correction tools</FONT>里面点击第<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>个图标就<FONT face="Times New Roman">ok
13</FONT>，如果你配准到中间要休息，需要保存<FONT face="Times New Roman">gcp tools</FONT>对话框，<FONT face="Times New Roman">
</FONT>下次在匹配直接打开就行。<FONT face="Times New Roman">
14</FONT>。配准完后得总误差也就是那个<FONT face="Times New Roman">rms</FONT>误差必须在<FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>个像元以里。<FONT face="Times New Roman">
</FONT>工作完毕，你的图就<FONT face="Times New Roman">ok</FONT>了</P>

<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><A><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></A></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>图像几何校正<p></p></P><H3 13pt 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><FONT size=5><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>、图像几何校正的途径</FONT></H3><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ERDAS</FONT>图标面板工具条：点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataPrep</FONT>图标，<B normal">→</B><FONT face="Times New Roman">Image Geometric Correction </FONT><B normal">→</B>打开<FONT face="Times New Roman">Set Geo-Correction Input File</FONT>对话框（图<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-1</FONT>）。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ERDAS</FONT>图标面板菜单条：<FONT face="Times New Roman">Main</FONT><B normal">→Data Preparation→</B><FONT face="Times New Roman">Image Geometric Correction</FONT><B normal">→</B>打开<FONT face="Times New Roman">Set Geo-Correction Input File</FONT>对话框（图<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-1</FONT>）。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=center><v:shapetype><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" extrusionok="f"></v:path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></v:shapetype><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=center>图<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-1  Set Geo-Correction Input File</FONT>对话框</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Set Geo-Correction Input File</FONT>对话框（图<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>）中，需要确定校正图像，有两种选择情况：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">其一：首先确定来自视窗（<FONT face="Times New Roman">FromViewer</FONT>），然后选择显示图像视窗。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">其二：首先确定来自文件（<FONT face="Times New Roman">From Image File</FONT>），然后选择输入图像。<p></p></P><H3 13pt 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><A><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=5>2</FONT></A><FONT size=5>、图像几何校正的计算模型</FONT>（<FONT face="Times New Roman">Geometric Correction Model</FONT>）<p></p></H3><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ERDAS</FONT>提供的图像几何校正模型有<FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>种，具体功能如下：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>表<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-1 </FONT>几何校正计算模型与功能</P><TABLE medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN-LEFT: 32.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt">模型</P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt">功能</P></TD></TR><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Affine</FONT></P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt">图像仿射变换（不做投影变换）</P></TD></TR><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Polynomial</FONT></P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt">多项式变换（同时作投影变换）</P></TD></TR><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Reproject</FONT></P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt">投影变换（转换调用多项式变换）</P></TD></TR><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Rubber Sheeting</FONT></P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt">非线性变换、非均匀变换</P></TD></TR><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Camera</FONT></P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt">航空影像正射校正</P></TD></TR><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Landsat</FONT></P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Lantsat</FONT>卫星图像正射校正</P></TD></TR><TR><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 144pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=192><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Spot</FONT></P></TD><TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=264><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Spot</FONT>卫星图像正射校正</P></TD></TR></TABLE><H3 13pt 0cm; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><A><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=5>3</FONT></A><FONT size=5>、图像校正的具体过程</FONT></H3><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第一步：显示图像文件（Display Image Files）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">首先，在<FONT face="Times New Roman">ERDAS</FONT>图标面板中点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer</FONT>图表两次，打开两个视窗（<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer1/Viewer2</FONT>），并将两个视窗平铺放置，操作过程如下：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ERDAS</FONT>图表面板菜单条：<FONT face="Times New Roman">Session</FONT><B normal">→Title Viewers<p></p></B></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><B normal">然后，</B>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer1</FONT>中打开需要校正的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Lantsat</FONT>图像：tmAtlanta,img<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer2</FONT>中打开作为地理参考的校正过的<FONT face="Times New Roman">SPOT</FONT>图像：panAtlanta,img<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第二步：启动几何校正模块（Geometric Correction Tool）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer1</FONT>菜单条：<FONT face="Times New Roman">Raster</FONT><B normal">→</B><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Geometric Correction<B normal"><p></p></B></FONT></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">  →打开Set <FONT face="Times New Roman">Geometric Model</FONT>对话框（<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">→选择多项式几何校正模型：<FONT face="Times New Roman">Polynomial</FONT>→OK<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">  →同时打开Geo Correction Tools对话框（3）和<FONT face="Times New Roman">Polynomial Model Properties</FONT>对话框（<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>）。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Polynomial  Model  Properties</FONT>对话框中，定义多项式模型参数以及投影参数：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 11.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: .98; mso-char-indent-size: 11.95pt">→定义多项式次方（<FONT face="Times New Roman">Polynomial Order</FONT>）:2（若此处定义的次方数为T，则需配准的点数为（T+1）*（T+2）/2，若为2，责应该配置6个点）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 11.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: .98; mso-char-indent-size: 11.95pt">→定义投影参数：（PROJECTION）:略<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 11.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: .98; mso-char-indent-size: 11.95pt">→Apply→Close<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 11.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: .98; mso-char-indent-size: 11.95pt">→打开GCP Tool Referense Setup 对话框（5）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><v:shape><v:imagedata><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></v:imagedata></v:shape><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=center>图<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-2 </FONT><B normal">Set </B><FONT face="Times New Roman">Geometric Model</FONT>对话框</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>图<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-3 </FONT>Geo Correction Tools对话框</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>图<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-4 Polynomial Properties</FONT>对话框</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>图<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-5  </FONT>GCP Tool Referense Setup 对话框<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第三步：启动控制点工具（Start GCP Tools）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B normal"><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape><p></p></B></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B normal">图2-6 </B>Viewer Selection Instructions<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">首先，在GCP Tool Referense Setup对话框（图5）中选择采点模式： <p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">→选择视窗采点模式：Existing Viewer→OK<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">→打开Viewer Selection Instructions指示器（图2-6）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><B normal">→</B>在显示作为地理参考图像panAtlanta,img的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer2</FONT>中点击左键<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">→打开reference Map Information 提示框（图2-7）；→OK<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">→此时，整个屏幕将自动变化为如图7所示的状态，表明控制点工具被启动，进入控制点采点状态。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape><p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>图2-7 <B normal">reference Map Information 提示框<p></p></B></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B normal"><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape><p></p></B></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B normal">图2-8 控制点采点<p></p></B></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第四步：采集地面控制点（Ground Control Point）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>的具体采集过程：</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">在图像几何校正过程中，采集控制点是一项非常重要和繁重的工作，具体过程如下：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 49.5pt">1、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>工具对话框中，点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select GCP</FONT>图表，进入<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>选择状态；</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 39.0pt">2、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>数据表中，将输入<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>的颜色设置为比较明显的黄色。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 39.0pt">3、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer1</FONT>中移动关联方框位置，寻找明显的地物特征点，作为输入<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>。</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 49.5pt">4、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>工具对话框中，点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Create GCP</FONT>图标，并在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer3</FONT>中点击左键定点，<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>数据表将记录一个输入<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>，包括其编号、标识码、<FONT face="Times New Roman">X</FONT>坐标和<FONT face="Times New Roman">Y</FONT>坐标。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 49.5pt">5、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>对话框中，点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select GCP</FONT>图标，重新进入<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>选择状态。</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 39.0pt">6、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>数据表中，将参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>的颜色设置为比较明显的红色，<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 39.0pt">7、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer2</FONT>中，移动关联方框位置，寻找对应的地物特征点，作为参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 49.5pt">8、  在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>工具对话框中，点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Create GCP</FONT>图标，并在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer4</FONT>中点击对应点，系统将自动将参考点的坐标（<FONT face="Times New Roman">X</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">Y</FONT>）显示在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>数据表中。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">9、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>对话框中，点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">SelectGCP</FONT>图标，重新进入<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>选择状态，并将光标移回到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Viewer1</FONT>中，准备采集另一个输入控制点。</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">10、不断重复1-9，采集若干控制点<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>，直到满足所选定的几何模型为止。<B normal"><p></p></B></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第五步：采集地面检查点（Ground Check Point）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt">以上采集的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> GCP</FONT>的类型均为控制点，用于控制计算，建立转换模型及多项式方程，。下面所要采集的<FONT face="Times New Roman">GCP</FONT>类型是检查点。（略）</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第六步：计算转换模型（Compute Transformation）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><FONT face="Times New Roman">   </FONT>在控制点采集过程中，一般是设置为自动转换计算模型。所以随着控制点采集过程的完成，转换模型就自动计算生成。</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><FONT face="Times New Roman">   </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Geo-Correction Tools</FONT>对话框中，点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Display Model Properties </FONT>图表，可以查阅模型。</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第七步：图像重采样（Resample the Image）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">重采样过程就是依据未校正图像的像元值，计算生成一幅校正图像的过程。原图像中所有删格数据层都要进行重采样。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">ERDAS IMAGE </FONT>提供了三种最常用的重采样方法。略<B normal"><p></p></B></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">图像重采样的过程：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">首先，在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Geo-Correction Tools</FONT>对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Image Resample </FONT>图标。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">然后，在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Image Resample</FONT>对话框中，定义重采样参数；<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">→输出图像文件明（OutputFile）:rectify.img<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">→选择重采样方法（Resample Method）:Nearest Neighbor<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">→定义输出图像范围：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">→定义输出像元的大小：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">→设置输出统计中忽略零值:<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt">→定义重新计算输出缺省值：<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第八步：保存几何校正模式（Save rectification Model）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt">在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Geo-Correction Tools</FONT>对话框中点击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Exit</FONT>按钮，推出几何校正过程，按照系统提示，选择保存图像几何校正模式，并定义模式文件，以便下一次直接利用。</P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">第九步：检验校正结果（Verify rectification Result）<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt">基本方法：同时在两个视窗中打开两幅图像，一幅是矫正以后的图像，一幅是当时的参考图像，通过视窗地理连接功能，及查询光标功能进行目视定性检验。<p></p></P><P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>