arcgis术语表

A
access key
Lets you access the contents of the Main menu from the keyboard by holding down the Alt key and pressing the underlined letter on the menu or menu command item. You create an access key by placing an ampersand (&) in front of the appropriate letter in the command's caption.
active data frame
The data frame in the view that is currently being worked on—for example, the data frame to which layers are being added. The active data frame is shown in bold text in the ArcMap table of contents.
address geocoding
The process of assigning x,y coordinates to addresses so that they can be displayed as points on a map.
address matching
The process of matching address strings to a standardized set of addresses in a street or postal code database.
alias
Another name for a column in a table.
aligned dimension
A dimension that runs parallel to the baseline and represents the true distance between the begin and end dimension points.
altitude
The height, z-value, or vertical elevation of an object above (or below) a given reference datum (for example, sea level).
The height above the horizon (measured in degrees) from which a lightsource illuminates a surface; used when calculating a hillshade or for controlling the position of the lightsource in a scene for on-the-fly shading.
AML
ARC Macro Language. A proprietary high-level algorithmic language for generating end-user applications in ArcInfo Workstation. Features include the ability to create on-screen menus, use and assign variables, control statement execution, and get and use map or page unit coordinates. AML includes an extensive set of commands that can be used interactively or in AML programs (macros), as well as commands that report on the status of ArcInfo environment settings.
analysis
The process of identifying a question or issue to be addressed, modeling the issue, investigating model results, interpreting the results, and possibly making a recommendation. See also model and spatial analysis.
analysis extent
A Spatial Analyst option to set the extent (the x,y coordinates for the bottom-left and top-right corners of the results) for the results from spatial analysis.
analysis mask
A Spatial Analyst option that uses a raster dataset in which all cells of interest have a value and all other cells are nodata. It enables you to perform analysis on a selected set of cells. Processing will only occur on selected cells, with other cells being assigned nodata.
angular units
The unit of measurement on a sphere or a spheroid; usually degrees. Map projection parameters, such as the central meridian and standard parallel, are defined in angular units.
annotation
Descriptive text used to label features. It is used for display, not for analysis.
A feature class used to label other features. Information stored for annotation includes a text string, the location at which the text is displayed, and a text symbol (color, font, size, and so on).
API
Application programming interface. Refers to a defined and documented set of tools or "functions" that application developers use to build or customize a program or set of programs. APIs can be built for programming languages such as C, COM, Java, and so on.
application server
A computer program that receives requests from a client application-another computer program that a user interacts directly with-and returns results to the client. See also client/server and server.
ArcInfo LIBRARIAN
See Map LIBRARIAN.
ArcInfo workspace
A file-based collection of coverages, grids, triangulated irregular networks (TINs), or shapefiles stored as a directory of folders in the file system.
arc–node topology
Arcs represent linear features and the borders of area features in a coverage. Every arc has a from-node, which is the first vertex in the arc, and a to-node, which is the last vertex. Nodes indicate the endpoints and intersections of arcs. They do not exist as independent features. Together they define the direction of the arc. Arc–node topology defines connectivity in coverages—arcs are connected to each other if they share a common node.
ArcPress
A raster printing extension for ArcInfo. ArcPress allows you to easily print ArcInfo maps on a variety of supported raster printers or convert them to a bitmap format for interchange in other graphics applications.
ArcScene
An ArcGISTM application for combining and viewing features, surfaces, and graphics in 3D perspective.
ArcSDE
A gateway to a multi-user commercial RDBMS-for example, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, Informix, and DB2. ArcSDE is an open, high-performance spatial data server that employs client/server architecture to perform efficient spatial operations and manage large, shared geographic data. Was known as SDE before 1999.
ArcSDE for Coverages
An ArcSDE server that provides read-only access to ArcInfo coverages, shapefiles, ArcStorm library layers, and Map LIBRARIAN layers. Uses the same data transfer technology as ArcSDE for RDBMS servers.
ArcStorm
ArcStorm (Arc Storage Manager) is a data storage facility and transaction manager for ArcInfo file-based coverage data. ArcStorm manages a feature-oriented database that can be closely integrated with an RDBMS. Transaction management occurs via feature locking.
ArcStorm database
A collection of libraries, layers, INFO tables, and external database management system (DBMS) tables. Data stored in an ArcStorm database benefits from the transaction management and data archiving capabilities of ArcStorm.
area
The planimetric view of a polygon feature or surface.
The surface area of a 3D surface, or of the portion of a surface above or below a reference plane. Surface is measured along the slope of a surface and is always greater than the 2D planimetric extent of the surface. When compared to planimetric area, surface area gives you an idea of the surface roughness.
arithmetic functions
Functions within the Raster Calculator of Spatial Analyst.
There are six arithmetic functions: Abs, Ceil, Floor, Int, Float, and IsNull.
The Abs function takes the absolute value of the values in an input grid.
Ceil and Floor convert floating-point values into integers by rounding up or down, respectively.
Int and Float convert values from and to integer and floating-point values.
The IsNull function returns 1 if the values on the input grid are nodata or null, and 0 if they are not.
arithmetic operators
Operators within the Raster Calculator of the Spatial Analyst. They allow for the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of two grids, numbers, or a combination of the two.
 

aspatial query
See attribute query and query.
aspect
The direction a slope faces. The aspect recorded for a TIN face is the steepest downslope direction of the face. The slope at a cell in a raster is the steepest downslope direction of a plane defined by the cell and its eight surrounding neighbors.
attribute
A piece of information describing a map feature. The attributes of a census tract, for example, might include its area, population, and average per capita income.
A characteristic of a geographic feature described by numbers, characters, images, and CAD drawings, typically stored in tabular format and linked to the feature by a user-assigned identifier. For example, the attributes of a well might include depth and gallons per minute.
A column in a table.
attribute domain
A named constraint in the database. An attribute domain is used to constrain the values allowed in any particular attribute for a table, feature class, or subtype. An attribute domain can be shared across feature classes and tables in a geodatabase. Types of attribute domains include range and coded value domains.
attribute query
A query of attributes in a table or feature class. Also called aspatial query. See also query.
attribute table
A DBMS or other tabular file containing rows and columns. In ArcInfo, attribute tables are associated with a class of geographic features (for example, wells or roads). Each row represents a geographic feature. Each column represents one attribute of a feature. See also feature attribute table.
Attributes dialog box
A dialog box that lets you view and edit attributes of features you've selected in ArcMap.
autocorrelation
The statistical relationship among the measured points, where the correlation depends on the distance and/or direction that separates the locations.
Automation
A feature of the COM technology. It lets you access ArcObjects in VB and in other languages, tools, and applications that support automation. For example, with VB you can access the data in and properties of the selected item in the Catalog tree.
azimuth
A horizontal direction measured as the angular distance between true north and an object. Often used to define an oblique cylindrical projection or the angle of a geodesic between two points.
A compass direction. In 3D Analyst and Spatial Analyst, the direction from which a lightsource illuminates a surface is called the azimuth.
azimuthal projection
A form of projection in which the earth is projected onto a conceptual tangent or secant plane. See also planar projection.

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论文里用的到吧？一般学的时候好像都用中文……

不错，学习了

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<P>这么多啊</P>

要是中文的就好了。

Y
Z
zonal functions
This group of functions creates an output raster in which the computation of the desired function occurs on the cell values from the input value raster that intersect or fall within each zone of a specified input zone dataset. The input zone dataset is only used to define the size, shape, and location of each zone, while the value raster is used to identify the values to be used in the evaluations within the zones.
zonal statistics
A Spatial Analyst function that calculates a statistic for each zone of a zone dataset based on values from another dataset. A single output value is computed for every zone in the input zone dataset.
zone
All cells in a raster with the same value, regardless of whether they are contiguous.
zoom
To enlarge and display greater detail of a portion of a geographic dataset.
z-factor
An option in Spatial Analyst and 3D Analyst. The number of ground x,y units in one surface z unit. The input surface values are multiplied by the specified z-factor to adjust the output grid z units to another unit of measure.
z-value
A value represented on the z-axis in a three-dimensional x,y,z coordinate system. The values on a terrain, or chemical concentration, surface can be used as z-values when rendering the surface in 3D. Numeric attributes of features, for example, the number of floors in a building, can also be used as z-values.
 

X
XML
Extensible markup language. A markup language similar to HTML. With XML you define data using tags that add meaning. For example, <title>California geology</title> declares the text "California geology" to be a title, perhaps for a map. An XML file does not contain information about how to present the data. XML is well formed if an opening tag, such as "<title>", and a closing tag, such as "</title>", appear before and after each piece of data.
XSL
Extended stylesheet language. XSL is a defined set of XML tags that can be used to query and evaluate XML data. XSL stylesheets are used in ArcCatalog to present metadata. See also stylesheet.

W
WAN
Wide area network. A computer data communications technology that connects computers at remote sites (for example, city to city) to computers at other remote sites. WANs are composed of special data communications hardware and software and usually operate across public or dedicated telephone networks. Typically, data access over a WAN is slower than over a LAN. See also LAN.
warp
Transforming a raster to map coordinates.
weight
A property of a network feature typically used to represent a cost for traversing across an edge or through a junction. For example, in a water network, a certain amount of pressure is lost when traveling the length of a transmission main due to surface friction within the pipe. Weights are calculated based on some attribute of each feature. In this same transmission main example, an attribute that affects the weight would be the length of the feature.
weight filter
A specification of which network features can be traced based on their weight values.
WGS 1984
World Geodetic System of 1984. A geocentric datum and geographic coordinate system created by the United States military and in worldwide use. Also known as WGS84.
wizard
A tool that leads a user step by step through an unusually long, difficult, or complex task.
work flow
An organization's established processes for design, construction, and maintenance of facilities.
work order
One specific task which proceeds through each stage of an organization's work flow process, including design, acceptance, and construction in the field.
working directory
A directory specified in the General tab of the Options dialog box in Spatial Analyst. It indicates the appropriate location on disk to place all results from analysis. All permanent and temporary results will be written here, unless otherwise specified in a function dialog box.
workspace
A container for file-based geographic data. This can be a folder that contains shapefiles, an ArcInfo workspace that contains coverages, a personal geodatabase, or an ArcSDE database connection.